populacija

1. population
   Populacija Srbije se iz godine u godinu smanjuje. — Serbia's population is shrinking year after year.
2. (of a social group) section of the population; group
   Starija populacija teže koristi internet bankarstvo. — The older population finds online banking harder to use.
   Mlada populacija sve više odlazi u inostranstvo. — More and more young people are moving abroad.
3. (of animals, plants) population
   Populacija vukova na Staroj planini raste. — The wolf population on Stara Planina is growing.

For the inhabitants of a country, "stanovništvo" is more usual.